Which defense mechanism involves justifying a mistake with logical reasons?

Rationalization is the defense mechanism that involves justifying a mistake or an undesired outcome with logical or plausible reasons, even if these reasons are not the true motivations behind the behavior. This mechanism helps individuals cope with feelings of guilt, anxiety, or shame by providing a more acceptable explanation for their failures or shortcomings.

For example, someone who has failed to achieve a goal may say they didn't really want it anyway, framing their inability as a choice rather than a failure. This allows the individual to maintain self-esteem and avoid confronting uncomfortable feelings about their actions or decisions. Rationalization can be seen as a way to protect one's self-image, making it appear that their situation was caused by external factors rather than personal shortcomings.

Understanding this mechanism is crucial, as it can indicate underlying feelings or behaviors that an individual may be reluctant to address directly.